Developed Land and Impervious Surface
Alleghany County:
2014: 5.25% developed
2024: 5.32% developed
2014: 1.03% impervious surface
2024: 1.03% impervious surface
Botetourt County:
2014: 7.8% developed
2024: 8.17% developed
2014: 1.38% impervious surface
2024: 1.46% impervious surface
City of Covington:
2014: 56.41% developed
2024: 57.05% developed
2014: 21.64% impervious surface
2024: 21.78% impervious surface
Craig County:
2014: 3.77% developed
2024: 3.83% developed
2014: 0.44% impervious surface
2024: 0.45% impervious surface
Franklin County:
2014: 8.87% developed
2024: 9.26% developed
2014: 1.36% impervious surface
2024: 1.43% impervious surface
City of Roanoke:
2014: 89% developed
2024: 89.54% developed
2014: 32.66% impervious surface
2024: 32.81% impervious surface
Roanoke County:
2014: 22.29% developed
2024: 22.76% developed
2014: 4.92% impervious surface
2024: 5.03% impervious surface
City of Salem:
2014: 88.47% developed
2024: 89% developed
2014: 30.34% impervious surface
2024: 30.63% impervious surface
Source: EVA Tool, MRLC (2024)
Last Updated By RVARC: January 2026
Land Used for Agriculture
Alleghany County:
2014: 4.78% agriculture
2024: 4.77% agriculture
Botetourt County:
2014: 17.24% agriculture
2024: 16.47% agriculture
City of Covington:
2014: 6.76% agriculture
2024: 5.31% agriculture
Craig County:
2014: 11.11% agriculture
2024: 11.07% agriculture
Franklin County:
2014: 23.18% agriculture
2024: 22.96% agriculture
City of Roanoke:
2014: 1.53% agriculture
2024: 1.16% agriculture
Roanoke County:
2014: 9.17% agriculture
2024: 8.86% agriculture
City of Salem:
2014: 1.98% agriculture
2024: 1.68% agriculture
Source: EVA Tool, MRLC (2024)
Last Updated By RVARC: January 2026
Virginia:
2023: 2.4M acres of cropland
2023: 2.1M acres of pasture
Source: FIA Land Resources Tool, USDA
Last Updated By RVARC: January 2026
Land Covered by Forest
Alleghany County:
2014: 87.92% forested
2024: 88.11% forested
Botetourt County:
2014: 73.49% forested
2024: 73.14% forested
City of Covington:
2014: 36.88% forested
2024: 36.52% forested
Craig County:
2014: 83.53% forested
2024: 83.87% forested
Franklin County:
2014: 62.2% forested
2024: 61.09% forested
City of Roanoke:
2014: 8.84% forested
2024: 8.65% forested
Roanoke County:
2014: 67.17% forested
2024: 66.93% forested
City of Salem:
2014: 9.46% forested
2024: 9.3% forested
Source: EVA Tool, MRLC (2024)
Last Updated By RVARC: January 2026
Virginia:
2023: 16M acres forested
Source: FIA Land Resources Tool, USDA
Last Updated By RVARC: January 2026
Land Covered by Wetlands
Alleghany County:
2014: 0.01% wetlands
2024: 0.01% wetlands
Botetourt County:
2014: 0.09% wetlands
2024: 0.09% wetlands
City of Covington:
2014: 0.02% wetlands
2024: 0.01% wetlands
Craig County:
2014: 0% wetlands
2024: 0% wetlands
Franklin County:
2014: 0.05% wetlands
2024: 0.05% wetlands
City of Roanoke:
2014: 0% wetlands
2024: 0% wetlands
Roanoke County:
2014: 0.05% wetlands
2024: 0.05% wetlands
City of Salem:
2014: 0% wetlands
2024: 0% wetlands
Source: EVA Tool, MRLC (2024)
Last Updated By RVARC: January 2026
Tree Cover Status & Change
Alleghany County:
Total percent of land with Tree Cover: 90%
Annual benefits provided by Tree Cover: $158 million (in reduced air pollution, stormwater, & carbon dioxide)
Net loss of Tree Cover on developed lands (2014-2021): -120 Acres
Botetourt County:
Total percent of land with Tree Cover: 77%
Annual benefits provided by Tree Cover: $164.9 million (in reduced air pollution, stormwater, & carbon dioxide)
Net loss of Tree Cover on developed lands (2014-2021): -244 Acres
Craig County:
Total percent of land with Tree Cover: 85%
Annual benefits provided by Tree Cover: $108.7 million (in reduced air pollution, stormwater, & carbon dioxide)
Net loss of Tree Cover on developed lands (2014-2021): -41 Acres
City of Roanoke:
Total percent of land with Tree Cover: 28%
Annual benefits provided by Tree Cover: $7.2 million (in reduced air pollution, stormwater, & carbon dioxide)
Net gain of Tree Cover on developed lands (2014-2021): +94 Acres
Roanoke County:
Total percent of land with Tree Cover: 73%
Annual benefits provided by Tree Cover: $77.6 million (in reduced air pollution, stormwater, & carbon dioxide)
Net loss of Tree Cover on developed lands (2014-2021): -60 Acres
City of Salem:
Total percent of land with Tree Cover: 29%
Annual benefits provided by Tree Cover: $2.3 million (in reduced air pollution, stormwater, & carbon dioxide)
Net gain of Tree Cover on developed lands (2014-2021): +23 Acres
Source: Chesapeake Tree Canopy Network, (2014-2021)
Last Updated By RVARC: March 2026
